Assignment: Organ Blood flow Study

Assignment: Organ Blood flow Study

Assignment: Organ Blood flow Study

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Week 10 Assignment 2 Final Exam 1. Question : The drug recommended as primary prevention of osteoporosis in men over seventy years is: Alendronate (Fosamax) Ibandronate (Boniva) Calcium carbonate Raloxifene (Evista) Question 2. Question : Alterations in drug metabolism among Asians may lead to: Slower metabolism of antidepressants, requiring lower doses Faster metabolism of neuroleptics, requiring higher doses Altered metabolism of omeprazole, requiring higher doses Slower metabolism of alcohol, requiring higher doses Question 3. Question : Some research supports that testosterone replacement therapy may be indicated in which of the following diagnoses in men? Age-related decrease in cognitive functioning Metabolic syndrome Decreased muscle mass in aging men All of the above Question 4. Question : The chemicals that promote the spread of pain locally include _________. serotonin norepinephrine enkephalin neurokinin A Question 5. Question : The DEA: Registers manufacturers and prescribes controlled substances Regulates NP prescribing at the state level Sanctions providers who prescribe drugs off-label Provides prescribers with a number they can use for insurance billing Question 6. Question : The trial period to determine effective anti-inflammatory activity when starting a patient on aspirin for RA is _____. forty-eight hours four to six days four weeks two months Question 7. Question : The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be: The kidneys The lungs The bile and feces The skin Question 8. Question : Compelling indications for an ACE inhibitor as treatment for hypertension based on clinical trials include: Pregnancy Renal parenchymal disease Stable angina Dyslipidemia Question 9. Question : The American Diabetic Association has recommended which of the following tests for ongoing management of diabetes? Fasting blood glucose Hemoglobin A1c Thyroid function tests Electrocardiograms Question 10. Question : The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor lisinopril is a known teratogen. Teratogens cause Type ____ ADR. A B C D Question 11. Question : The goals of therapy when prescribing HRT include reducing: Cardiovascular risk Risk of stroke or other thromboembolic event Breast cancer risk Vasomotor symptoms Question 12. Question : Patients who have angina, regardless of class, who are also diabetic should be on: Nitrates Beta blockers ACE inhibitors Calcium channel blockers Question 13. Question : The New York Heart Association and the Canadian Cardiovascular Society have described grading criteria for levels of angina. Angina that occurs with unusually strenuous activity or on walking or climbing stair after meals is: Class I Class II Class III Class IV Question 14. Question : Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of: Fluticasone (Flonase) Cetirizine (Zyrtec) OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom) Any of the above Question 15. Question : Kyle has Crohn’s disease and has a documented folate deficiency. Drug therapy for folate deficiency anemia is: Oral folic acid 1 to 2 mg/day Oral folic acid 1 gm/day IM folate weekly for at least six months Oral folic acid 400 mcg daily Question 16. Question : The treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency is: 1,000 mcg daily of oral cobalamin 2 gm/day of oral cobalamin 100 mcg/day vitamin B12 IM 500 mcg/dose nasal cyanocobalamin two sprays once a week Question 17. Question : Nonadherence is especially common in drugs that treat asymptomatic conditions, such as hypertension. One way to reduce the likelihood of nonadherence to these drugs is to prescribe a drug that: Has a short half-life so that missing one dose has limited effect Requires several dosage titrations so that missed doses can be replaced with lower doses to keep costs down Has a tolerability profile with less of the adverse effects that are considered “irritating,” such as nausea and dizziness Must be taken no more than twice a day Question 18. Question : Type II diabetes is a complex disorder involving: Absence of insulin production by the beta cells A suboptimal response of insulin-sensitive tissues in the liver Increased levels of GLP in the postprandial period Too much fat uptake in the intestine Question 19. Question : Metformin is a primary choice of drug to treat hyperglycemia in type II diabetes because it: Substitutes for insulin usually secreted by the pancreas Decreases glycogenolysis by the liver Increases the release of insulin from beta cells Decreases peripheral glucose utilization Question 20. Question : Gender differences between men and women in pharmacokinetics include: More rapid gastric emptying so that drugs absorbed in the stomach have less exposure to absorption sites Higher proportion of body fat so that lipophilic drugs have relatively greater volumes of distribution Increased levels of bile acids so that drugs metabolized in the intestine have higher concentrations Slower organ blood flow rates so that drugs tend to take longer to be excreted Question 21. Question : If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be added as the second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents? ACE inhibitors Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers Diuretics Question 22. Question : A nineteen-year-old male was started on risperidone. Monitoring for risperidone includes observing for common side effects, including: Bradykinesia, akathisia, and agitation Excessive weight gain Hypertension Potentially fatal agranulocytosis Question 23. Question : Levetiracetam has known drug interactions with: Oral contraceptives Carbamazepine Warfarin Few, if any, drugs Question 24. Question : When the total daily insulin dose is split and given twice daily, which of the following rules may be followed? Give two-thirds of the total dose in the morning and one-third in the evening. Give 0.3 units/kg of premixed 70/30 insulin, with one-third in the morning and two-thirds in the evening. Give 50% of an insulin glargine dose in the morning and 50% in the evening. Give long-acting insulin in the morning and short-acting insulin at bedtime. Question 25. Question : Which of the following factors may adversely affect a patient’s adherence to a therapeutic drug regimen? Complexity of the drug regimen Patient’s perception of the potential adverse effects of the drugs Both A and B Neither A nor B ter the first trimester if necessary.

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